Brazil’s forests and savannahs remain at the frontline of industrial agriculture’s war on the world’s climate, the environment and traditional communities. The situation in Brazil has worsened under President Bolsonaro, whose government appears to have adopted an attack on the Amazon and Indigenous Peoples as the pillar of its economic policy. Bolsonaro’s government has given tacit endorsement to land grabbing and incursions by illegal loggers, miners and farmers into Indigenous lands. Unsurprisingly, Brazil has suffered a sharp increase in fires and deforestation in 2019, compared to recent years: the annual deforestation rate has reached nearly 1 million hectares (ha) for the first time in a decade, with the increase detected even before the incidence of forest fires peaked.